1. How does a microgrid connect to the main power grid?

Microgrids can operate in either grid-connected or island mode. In grid-connected mode, the microgrid remains connected to the main power grid, allowing it to import or export electricity as needed. This mode ensures a constant power supply, and any excess energy generated within the microgrid can be sent back to the main grid. In island mode, the microgrid disconnects from the main grid and operates autonomously. This mode is useful during grid failures or in remote areas where grid connection is not feasible.